131 articles - From Friday Sep 20 2024 to Friday Sep 27 2024
Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
|---|
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
American Gastroenterological Association Clinical Practice Update on Endoscopic Scoring Systems in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Commentary. Methods This expert commentary was commissioned and approved by the AGA Institute Clinical Practice Updates Committee and the AGA Governing Board to provide timely guidance on a topic of high clinical importance to the AGA membership and underwent internal peer review by the Clinical Practice Updates Committee and external peer review through standard procedures of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Results/conclusion This expert commentary incorporates essential studies in this field and reflects the authors' expertise in the endoscopic evaluation of inflammatory bowel disease. |
| Endoscopy |
Diversity, equity, and inclusion in gastrointestinal endoscopy: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Position Statement. 11: ESGE identifies mentorship and sponsorship as factors that may mitigate the barriers to academic careers for underrepresented endoscopy scholars. 12: ESGE recognizes the need to increase awareness of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in the field of endoscopy and supports publications on these topics. |
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
|---|
Meta-analysis: Risk of lymphoma in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in population-based cohort studies. The risk of lymphoma is only modestly increased in patients with IBD, with Crohn's disease having a slightly higher risk than ulcerative colitis. In IBD, there appears to be no difference between the risks of Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
Comparative efficacy and safety of Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker (P-CAB) based dual, triple and quadruple regimens for first line H. pylori infection treatment: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. In this NWM concerning the comparative efficacy and safety of P-CAB based dual, triple and quadruple regimens for first line H. pylori infection treatment, the overall results showed that PCAB based dual treatment ranked first for efficacy with the best-integrated efficacy-safety profile. This is of importance, since the dual regimens overcome the crucial issue of clarithromycin resistance. Consequently, these findings are expected to be useful in helping clinical decision-making and future guidelines. |
Participation and Yield in Multiple Rounds of Colorectal Cancer Screening based on Fecal Immunochemical Test: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. In population-based CRC screening programs, the participation exhibited a slow upward trend for both screening strategies, but the incremental benefits in CRC detection gradually diminished. Tailored strategies, such as extending intervals for individuals with multiple negative FIT results, might optimize effectiveness and cost-efficiency in population-based CRC screening. |
TEMPORAL TREND OF INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE OF EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS IN ASIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. The prevalence and incidence of EoE in Asia have been rising over the past decades. Due to the limited number of Asian studies and variations in subjects' sources, caution should be exercised when interpreting these results. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
|---|
Eight-year efficacy and safety of tenofovir alafenamide for treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: Final results from two randomised phase 3 trials. Long-term TAF treatment exhibited favourable safety and tolerability with high rates of viral suppression and no development of resistance. numbers NCT01940341 and NCT01940471. |
Identification of four novel acute-on-chronic liver failure clusters with distinct clinical trajectories and mortality using machine learning methods. ML for the first time could identify clusters with distinct phenotypes, trajectories and outcomes in ACLF. Stratification into clusters can address heterogeneity, guide prognosis, recruitment in trials, resource allocation and liver transplant discussions in ACLF. |
Impact of non-selective beta blockers on further decompensation and death in decompensated cirrhosis: Benefit and risk stratification by MELD score. NSBBs may be beneficial for the prevention of further decompensation in cirrhotic patients with a MELD score of ≤9, but deleterious in those with a MELD score of >9. |
Individualized HCC surveillance using risk stratification scores in advanced fibrosis and cirrhotic HCV patients who achieved SVR: Prospective study. Individualized risk stratification using HCC risk scores was associated with improved early-stage detection and receipt of curative treatment. |
Insulin-like growth factor-1 in cirrhosis is linked to hepatic dysfunction and fibrogenesis and predicts liver-related mortality. Decreased levels of IGF-1 reflect impaired hepatic function and fibrogenesis in patients with cirrhosis, which seems particularly relevant in obesity since low IGF-1 was independently linked to high BMI. Lower IGF-1 in cirrhosis predicts decompensation, ACLF and liver-related death. |
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and MetALD increases the risk of liver cancer and gastrointestinal cancer: A nationwide cohort study. This study showed that MASLD and MetALD are associated with an increased risk of cancer, particularly liver and gastrointestinal cancers. The findings build new evidence for the clinical outcomes of MetALD while highlighting the importance of managing alcohol intake properly in MASLD and MetALD. |
The association between alcohol consumption and cardiometabolic factors and liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-associated liver disease. Although both metabolic steatotic liver disease and metabolic alcohol-associated liver disease were correlated with liver fibrosis progression in both sexes, the impact of alcohol consumption and cardiometabolic factors on fibrosis progression differed by sex. Cardiometabolic factors may have a stronger impact on liver fibrosis than alcohol consumption in males with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. |
Time to use the right classification to predict the severity of checkpoint inhibitor-induced liver injury, as assessed for causality using the updated RUCAM. This retrospective study challenges the efficacy of the CTCAE classification in defining the severity of Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced hepatitis and suggests that the traditional hepatology-focused scores may be more relevant. The CTCAE classification is inconsistent and gives equal weight to jaundice and elevated transaminases, which leads to steroid overtreatment and limits the rechallenge of ICIs. |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
A new drying method of thermolabile flexible endoscope channels by laminar and turbulent airflow - a prospective, randomized-controlled, single-center, proof-of-concept trial. Drying with a special automatic drying device was superior compared with an EWD's drying program as evidenced by no measurable residual water, reduced microbiological contamination and a more than two-fold decrease in operational time. Thus, drying by laminar and turbulent airflow may represent an attractive alternative to the currently used standard approach in the reprocessing process of flexible endoscopes. |
Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy and the Risk of Gestational Diabetes in Pregnant Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. This nationwide cohort reported a decreased risk of GDM among patients who used anti-TNFs during early pregnancy compared to those unexposed. GDM risk may become a consideration in the decision-making process when choosing treatment options for pregnant women with a risk factor for GDM. |
Evaluating Equity in Clinical Trial Accessibility: An Analysis of Demographic, Socioeconomic, and Educational Disparities in IBS Drug Trials. The findings highlight significant disparities in IBS trial participation across race, ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic backgrounds. This raises potential concerns about generalizability of trial outcomes and underscores the need for strategies to enhance inclusivity in clinical research. |
Global Epidemiology of Cirrhosis in Women. Sex differences in epidemiology are likely multifactorial, influenced by varying risk factors, susceptibility and behaviors between sexes. Further research is necessary to better understand these disparities and to tailor sex-specific interventions towards improved management and treatment strategies, ultimately enhancing outcomes for women with cirrhosis and providing better patient-centered care. |
Results from a psychometric validation study: irritable bowel syndrome patients report higher symptom burden using end-of-day versus real-time assessment. Psychometric evaluation demonstrated strong validity and reliability of the ESM-PROM for real-time GI symptom assessment in IBS. In addition, the ESM-PROM provides a precise and reliable ascertainment of individual symptom pattern and trigger interactions, without the bias of peak reporting when compared to retrospective methods. This highlights its potential as a valuable tool for personalized healthcare in monitoring disease course and treatment response in IBS patients. |
The Role of Diet in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Onset, Disease Management, and Surgical Optimization. Further research is needed to fully elucidate how, when, and in whom diet therapies may be best applied to improve clinical and disease outcomes. The aim of this review is to summarize current research findings and serve as a tool to help facilitate patient-clinician conversations. |
Worldwide Prevalence and Description of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome According to the Results of the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study. CVS is a relatively common disorder that has a negative impact on quality of life. It is important to raise awareness on this syndrome to avoid underdiagnosis and improve clinical practice. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Efficacy and Safety of Upadacitinib for Perianal Fistulizing Crohn's Disease: A Post Hoc Analysis of 3 Phase 3 Trials. Patients with fistulizing disease (primarily perianal) treated with upadacitinib achieved higher rates of resolution of drainage, closure of external openings, clinical remission, and endoscopic response vs placebo. numbers U-EXCEL (NCT03345849), U-EXCEED (NCT03345836), U-ENDURE (NCT03345823). |
Risk of recurrence in screen-versus non screen-detected colorectal cancer patients. Disease-free survival was significantly better in screen-detected compared to non-screen-detected CRCs independent of age, gender, tumor location, stage and treatment, and was associated with an overall survival benefit. |
| Endoscopy |
Exploring the incidence of dysplasia or adenocarcinoma in early onset Barrett's esophagus. In this 25-year period, 231 patients were diagnosed with early onset BE in the Netherlands, with 17 patients progressing to dysplasia and three developing adenocarcinoma. This corresponded to incidence rates of 7.3 per 1000 person-years for dysplasia and 1.3 per 1000 person-years for adenocarcinoma. |
Intra- and Post-procedural Patient-reported Experience Measures and their Correlation with post-ERCP Adverse Events and Unplanned Healthcare Utilization. Patient-reported symptom scores from a simple Likert-based PREM at the time of discharge from ERCP are associated with presentations for pancreatitis, perforation, and UHU within 30 days. Applying PREMs post-ERCP could potentially prevent UHU and/or facilitate earlier management and improved outcomes for patients with post-ERCP AEs. |
The Gastroscopy RAte of Cleanliness Evaluation (GRACE) Scale: an international reliability and validation study. the GRACE scale showed good interobserver agreement and reliability and good validity. The spread of this scale could enhance the quality and standardize the cleanliness of the mucosa assessment during UGI endoscopy, pushing endoscopists to obtain excellent visibility and reducing the risk of missing lesions. |
| Gastroenterology |
Detection of Gastrointestinal Bleeding with Large Language Models to Aid Quality Improvement and Appropriate Reimbursement. An LLM-based pipeline can robustly detect overt GIB in the EHR with clinically relevant applications in detection of recurrent bleeding and appropriate reimbursement coding. |
Obesity facilitated colon cancer progression is mediated by increased diacylglycerol o-acyltransferases 1 and 2 (DGAT½) levels. This is a novel mechanism of DGAT½-dependent metabolic and tumorigenic remodeling in obesity-facilitated colon cancer, providing a platform for the future development of effective treatments for colon cancer patients. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Automatic Endoscopic Gastroplasty For The Treatment of Obesity: Results from A Prospective Multicenter Study. Our first-in-human study showed that the Endozip TM device is safe and effective in treating obesity. The weight loss led to comorbid changes and improvement in quality of life (, NCT04773795). |
LONG-TERM CLINICAL EVALUATION OF A DECADE WITH PERORAL ENDOSCOPIC MYOTOMY AT A SINGLE EUROPEAN TERTIARY CENTER. Treatment success of POEM declines over time but remains sufficiently high in long-term perspective. Experience with the procedure improves the outcome. Gastroesophageal reflux affects almost half of patients early after POEM and decreases substantially over time together with rise in PPI-use. |
| Hepatology |
Exchangeable copper for patients with Wilson disease at follow-up: rethinking normal ranges or changing methodology. Our findings suggest that CuEX is a suboptimal tool for assessing copper homeostasis when used alone and should be used with caution if no additional information is available. Normal reference intervals for WD-treated patients should be redefined, as most of CuEX quantifications fell in the lower range, with no sign of overtreatment in these patients. |
Finite nucleos(t)ide-analogue therapy for functional cure in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B: recent development in the paradigm shift. Recently, a large study in patients with HBV cirrhosis showed not only higher 10-year HBsAg loss rate (15.3 vs 1.6%) but also ~50% lower 10-year hepatocellular carcinoma incidence (16.5 vs 29.5%) and 60% lower liver-related mortality/transplantation rate (6.1 vs 15.1%) after Nuc cessation, as compared with well-matched patients continuing Nuc therapy. Since novel drug development aiming for functional cure has not been satisfactory, the strategy of finite Nuc therapy in HBeAg-negative CHB seems to be the best realistic option for functional cure today. |
Harnessing ZIKV NS2A RNA for alleviating acute hepatitis and cytokine release storm by targeting translation machinery. ZIKV NS2A dampens the production of proinflammatory cytokines and alleviates inflammatory injuries by interfering translation process as RNA molecules, which suggests that NS2A RNA is potentially used to treat numerous acute inflammatory diseases characterized by CRS. |
TIPE2 protein restrains invariant NKT activation and protects against immune-mediated hepatitis in mice. Our findings reveal a new role of TIPE2 in the attenuation of iNKT cell-mediated hepatic injury. We propose that TIPE2 serves as an important regulator of immune homeostasis in the liver, and might be exploited for the therapeutic treatment of autoimmune liver diseases. |
The actin-binding protein drebrin disrupts NF2-LATS kinases complex assembly to facilitate liver tumorigenesis. Our study identifies a novel DBN1-NF2-LATS axis, and pharmacological inhibition of DBN1 represents a promising alternative intervention targeting the Hippo pathway in cancer treatment. |
Viral antibody response predicts morbidity and mortality in alcohol-associated hepatitis. Abstinence from alcohol is associated with a significant increase in serum viral and bacterial antibody response. Decreased serum antiviral antibody repertoire is predictive of decompensation of liver disease and mortality in patients with AH. |
| J Hepatol |
AI-Safe-C Score: Assessing Liver-Related Event Risks in Non-Cirrhotic Patients after Successful Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment. AI-Safe-C score is a useful tool for identifying patients without cirrhosis who are at higher risk of developing LREs. The post-SVR LSM, as integrated within the AI-Safe-C score, plays a critical role in predicting future LREs. Impact and implications The AI-Safe-C score introduces a paradigm shift in the management of non-cirrhotic patients post-DAA treatment, a cohort traditionally not included in routine surveillance protocols for LREs. By accurately identifying a subgroup at a comparably high risk of LREs, akin to those with advanced fibrosis, this predictive model facilitates a strategic reallocation of surveillance and clinical resources. |
Decreases in cT1 and liver fat content reflect treatment-induced histological improvements in MASH. These results, from three combined drug trials, demonstrate that changes in multiparametric MRI markers of liver health (cT1 and PDFF) can predict histological response for steatohepatitis following therapeutic intervention. Impact and implications There is great interest in identifying suitable biomarkers that can be used to replace liver biopsy, or to identify those patients who would benefit from one, in both the clinical management of MASH and in drug development. We investigated the utility of two MRI-derived non-invasive tests, iron corrected T1 mapping (cT1) and liver fat content from proton density fat fraction (PDFF), to predict histological improvement in patients who had undergone experimental treatment for MASH. Using data from 150 people who participated in one of three clinical trials, we observed that a reduction in cT1 by over 80 ms and a relative reduction in PDFF of over 58% were the optimal thresholds for change that predicted resolution of steatohepatitis. PDFF as a marker of liver fat, and cT1 as a specific measure of liver disease activity, are both effective at identifying those who are likely responding to drug interventions and experiencing improvements in overall liver health. Clinical trial number(s) NCT02443116, NCT03976401, NCT03551522. |
Exploring algorithms to select candidates for non-selective beta-blockers in cirrhosis: a post-hoc analysis of the PREDESCI trial. Algorithms based only on LSM and platelet count are suboptimal to identify NSBB treatment candidates. Performing endoscopy in patients with indeterminate findings from NITs improved diagnostic performance and risk stratification. Endoscopy may be substituted by spleen stiffness for stratifying the risk in the grey zone. Impact and implications The PREDESCI trial demonstrated that non-selective beta-blockers prevent decompensation in CSPH patients. Still it is unclear whether we can select treatment candidates using non-invasive tests to assess the presence of CSPH without measuring HVPG. In the prospective cohort of patients screened during the trial, we showed that algorithms based on liver stiffness and platelet count had suboptimal performance, mainly due to a high rate of indeterminate results. Performing endoscopy in the grey zone patients allowed to significantly increase the number of patients with CSPH and improved the risk stratification for decompensation or death on long-term follow-up. These findings were validated in an independent cohort. In addition, a model using spleen stiffness instead of endoscopy showed similar diagnostic performance in the external validation cohort, suggesting that adequate risk stratification to select treatment candidates can be achieved with a fully non-invasive algorithm. |
Hepatocyte Aquaporin 8-mediated Water Transport Facilitates Bile Dilution and Prevents Gallstone Formation in Mice. AQP8 plays a crucial role in facilitating water transport and bile dilution during hepatic bile formation, thereby mitigating gallstone formation in mice. Small-molecule intervention validated hepatocyte AQP8 as a promising drug target for gallstone therapy. Impact and implications The incidence of gallstone disease is high, and current drug treatments for gallstones are very limited, necessitating the identification of novel drug targets for developing new drugs with universal applicability. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide direct evidence that hepatic water channel AQP8 plays a key role in bile dilution and gallstone formation. Modulation of hepatic water transport may provide a universal therapeutic strategy for al types of gallstone diseases. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
|---|
Review article: Recommendations for detection, assessment and management of suspected drug-induced liver injury during clinical trials in oncology patients. This review brings together evidence-based recommendations and expert opinion to provide the first dedicated consensus for best practices in detection, assessment, and management of DILI in oncology clinical trials. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Cold Snare Resection in the Colorectum: When to Choose it, When to Avoid it, and How to Do it. Cold snare resection can be considered for certain lesions 11-19 mm in size and some lateral spreading lesions ≥ 20 mm. This review discusses tips and techniques to optimize cold snare resection. |
Culturally-sensitive and Inclusive IBD Care. Heightening our patient care goals from cultural competence to cultural sensitivity allows healthcare professionals and the systems in which they practice to lead with cultural humility as they adopt a more inclusive and humble perspective when caring for patient groups with a diverse array of identities and cultures and to avoid maintaining the status quo of implicit and explicit biases that impede the delivery of quality IBD care. In this article, we will review the literature on IBD care in historically disadvantaged communities, address culturally-sensitive care, and propose a framework to incorporating cultural humility in IBD practices and research. |
| Endoscopy |
| Gut |
What defines a healthy gut microbiome? The review also highlights the resource-heavy nature of comprehensive gut health assessments, which hinders their practicality and broad application. Finally, we call for continued research and a nuanced approach to better understand the intricate and evolving concept of gut health, emphasising the need for more precise and inclusive definitions and methodologies in studying the microbiome. |
| J Hepatol |
misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
|---|
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
|---|
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gut |
| J Hepatol |